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3.1. Learner 1
You will listen to a learner who is speaking about his hobbies and his interest in Spanish language.
Write down the errors made by the learner and try to identify his mother tongue.
Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation Pragmatics-Discourse
piensando
lo mío curso
jugar futeboller
futebol
éme [mi], estoy [is'toi], por eso [poɾ 'iso]
son ['sõ]
correr [ko'ʁeɾə]Repetition of the same discourse marker (por eso) Answers and comments
Learner's mother tongue is Portuguese.
The following are some common errors from this group of learners (please, read the transcription to understand the errors in their original context):
-Grammar:
·Diphthongization of vowel of the verb form (hypercorrection): piensando
·Unnecessary articule together with the possessive, and confusion between el and lo: lo mío curso
-Lexis:
·Many borrowing errors (transfer from Portuguese): ler, futebol, é...
-Pronunciation:
·e → [i]: estoy [is'toi]
·[n] sound is often lost when vowel is nasalised: son ['sõ]
·r → [ʁ] (velar fricative sound): correr [ko'ʁeɾə].
-Pragmatics-Discourse:
·This learner has overused discourse marker por eso. However, this error may be found in learners with other mother tongues.
Another occasional problem is dropping the preposition a with jugar (this error may also be due to interlinguistic causes, given that this verb does not require preposition in Portuguese): jugar (al) fútbol
NUN: me [mi] gusta hacer a... alguno... algunos de... deportes como... como tenis eh... correr [ko'ʁeɾə],
ENT: [assent]
NUN: o jugar eh... futebol ...
ENT: [assent]
NUN: y... y me gusta también ler.
ENT: leer [assent]
NUN: mm... leer sí.
ENT: muy bien.
ENT: y ¿estudias español porque te gusta o porque crees que para tu profesión en el futuro es importante o?
NUN: ah... eh... estudio... estudio español porque é importante saber otros idiomas.
ENT: [assent]
NUN: por eso [poɾ 'iso] estudio... estudié español.
NUN: y estoy [is'toi] piensando trabajar en Madrid.
ENT: [assent]
NUN: por eso [poɾ 'iso] ...
ENT: ¿te gustaría en el futuro, o
NUN: sí.
ENT: dentro de dos años?
NUN: no.
NUN: yo ['io] acabo lo mío curso este año... este semestre.
ENT: [assent]
ENT: sí.
NUN: por eso [poɾ 'iso] ah...... ah... gustaba mucho de poder eh... de trabajar en
ENT: [assent]
NUN: Madrid.
ENT: [assent]
NUN: y por eso [poɾ 'iso] los... las clases de español son ['sõ] importantes por eso [poɾ 'iso], para...
ENT: claro.
NUN: para aprender mejor a hablar español y escribir [iskɾi'bi:].
ENT: claro. [assent]